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stomach, stomach area, belly, tummy
new, recent, comes with an urgent or significant sense, is sudden, sharp or urgent
a cancer that grows in gland tissue
disease related to glands, usually large or swollen lymph glands (see lymph glands)
a drug or treatment used as an add-on to help/support the first or main treatment
use of chemotherapy, after surgery, to reduce the risk of your cancer coming back
use of radiation therapy, after surgery, on the area around the original cancer site to reduce the risk of cancer returning to that site
to give (medicine or treatment), manage, take care of
let you enter, hospital entry
to think about and plan for future health needs, such as having someone represent/talk for you if you are unable to speak for yourself
at a late stage, far along
a bad side effect, bad reaction, unwanted response or results
ALK inhibitors are potential anti-cancer drugs that act on tumours with variations of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) receptors.
to have a tendency, where the immune system, reacts or responds to things such as foods, pollens or medication causing an allergic reaction
the body's response to an allergy from things like pollen, food or medication. For example, a rash if allergic to some medications, or watery eyes and sneezing if allergic to pollen/hay fever
groups working together
people who are trained to help patients with non-medical needs such as physiotherapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy, nutrition and diet and psychology
the partial or complete absence of hair from areas of the body where it normally grows; baldness
therapy that is not standard, medical treatment; often it is not scientifically tested or proven; examples include vitamins, herbal teas, supplements, yoga Chinese medicine and Ayurveda therapies
walk or able to walk
pain killer drug
cancer cells that split very quickly and do not look like normal cells
where the number of red blood cells have dropped. This can make people feel tired, breathless and unwell and affects how the body fights infection
a drug used to get rid of or reduce the feeling of pain by putting you to sleep
a treatment for prostate cancer. It reduces the growth of male hormone which grows the cancer
drug that kills germs and other bacteria
a protein made by the body, in the immune system, to help fight against strange and/or harmful matter found in the body such as bacteria or viruses
a drug to thin blood that helps stop it from clotting; stop blood joining/coming together to become a clot (small jelly-like lump)
medicine to help stop nausea or feeling sick like you are going to vomit/throw up
entry to the back passage; bum
about or around the same, roughly or almost the same
blood vessel; tube made of muscle, that moves (carries) blood from the heart to all the parts of the body
the accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity, causing abdominal swelling.
to use a syringe (a needle) to take fluid/liquid out
to measure, look at and learn from
wasting away (of tissues/muscles)
armpit; underarm
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a thick, white chemical liquid used to cover organs or body parts so that they will show up better on an x-ray
a test to look for cancer in the bowel. It is a thick, white liquid put into your rectum, through your anus (bum) and x-rays (pictures) are taken
not cancerous, can grow but will not spread to other body parts
both sides
to take a small piece of body tissue and test it in a laboratory
a small, elastic/muscle type sac/bag in the body, where urine (wee) is stored for urinating/weeing. Is found in the lower abdomen/belly area
a test that counts red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets in the blood
is soft, spongy tissue found in bones that makes blood cells
a planned and booked hospital entry
the intestines (like a tube) that run between the stomach and anus (bum) and is made up of the small bowel (small intestine) and the large bowel (colon and rectum). (see 'small intestine' and 'colon' for more information)
a special drink, usually Picoprep, to clean/clear out the bowel (back passage) and intestines of any waste (stools, faeces, poo) before an endoscopy; (usually by producing loose stools)
radiation therapy that is done close to the surface (outside) of the body area or is done inside the body itself by using needles and/or seeds to deliver radiation radiation treatment that targets specific tissue(s) or area with no danger or harm to other tissue(s) around the cancer
extra pain killer medicine that lasts for two (2) to three (3) hours
short and bad pain that breaks through (is felt) even though
a small flexible camera tube (called an endoscope) used to examine the lungs and the passage to the lungs, including the bronchial tubes
a disease where abnormal cells split without control and spread to other nearby body tissue and/or organs. Cancer cells can also spread to other parts of the body through the bloodstream and lymph systems
deals with x-rays, and other types of scans that show pictures of your body parts
what a person experiences/lives from the time they think they have cancer
doing tests to know how big the cancer is, where it started and if it has spread to other body parts. Gives it a number from stage 1 (earliest stage) to stage 4 (stage 4 meaning the cancer has spread to other body organs or parts) (also see 'staging')
when cancer cells are found in the body but doctors do not know
or cannot identify where they first started growing
not a medical term. It means different things to different people. For some, being a survivor can start at the beginning of cancer or cancer treatment. Others may use this term after their treatment and follow-up has finished
a thin, plastic tube inserted/pushed in by a needle, under the skin and into a vein or body part, that is used to deliver or remove fluids such as medicines or blood samples
are dangerous substances that can cause cancer such as cigarette smoking, UV rays from the sun, asbestos and very bad air pollution
a cancer that begins in the skin or in tissue that covers our inside body organs
cancer that only involves the cells in which it began and does not spread to other areas, tissues, or body parts
a hollow tube put into the body to help drain fluids such as urine (wee) from the bladder or inject fluids such as long term antibiotics
a thin, plastic tube inserted by a needle, under your skin into a large vein in your chest. A central line is used to inject medicines and drips or to take blood
a side effect/result after of chemotherapy where patients may have loss of memory, find it hard to concentrate, feel confused; a tired and confused brain
a long-lasting disease that changes slowly
pain that can be mild to severe and lasts a long time
when a tumour is removed through surgery, some tissue from around the tumour is also removed and if this tissue does not contain any cancer cells it is said to be a clear margin
a study to test new treatments such as drugs, procedures or technologies to see if they work and/or are safe for people
surgery to cut away (resection) all or part of the colon (large intestine)
to look at the colon (big bowel) with a small flexible camera tube (called an endoscope) through the rectum (back passage; bum)
to do with the colon (big bowel) and rectum (the back passage; bum) an operation where the colon (bowel) is cut and joined to an opening (stoma) made in the stomach wall so that stools/waste products (poo) can move through the stoma into a bag on the outside of the body
an operation where the colon (bowel) is cut and joined to an
a small, disposable bag or pouch, worn on the outside, that is attached to an opening (stoma) to collect stools/waste products (poo)
to examine the inside of the vagina or cervix with a small magnifying instrument (called a colposcope)
how we talk to each other; how we share our knowledge, what we know with each other
nonstandard medical therapy such as yoga, relaxation, massage and meditation that is used together with standard medical treatment
a liquid, like a dye, that has special ingredients/parts that is given into the body (either through a needle or by drinking) to make body parts/organs stand out more and show detail especially in x-rays or scans
a 3-D (three dimensional) x-ray pictures that gives more information than a normal x-ray
to examine the bladder with an endoscope
a drug or process that is deadly/poisonous to cells
a person who has had chemotherapy in the last seven (7) days produces body fluids that are dangerous for others to touch/handle.
to be treated completely no evidence of the disease/condition or sign of it coming back even after many years
using medical test results, identify and name a disease and/or condition
deals with x-rays, and other scans that show pictures of your body parts
removing waste and waste fluids from the body through a filter by filtering blood or tummy fluids
where watery or loose faeces (stools; poo) is frequently/often released discharged from the body. Also called 'the runs'
a healthcare professional who is trained in nutrition and diet, to help people make diet choices (a person's food and drink)
how we eat and process foods. Includes organs from: 1. upper gastrointestinal area such as oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, gall bladder, pancreas and liver 2. colorectal area such as colon (big bowel/large intestine), rectum and anus.
the amount of medication taken
digital rectal exam, meaning to use a finger to probe inside the anus (bum; bottom; back passage) to examine it (to find cancer)
a blood clot (small jelly-like lump) that can form in a vein
not working properly
A substance that blocks the activity of a protein called epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). EGFR is found on the surface of some normal cells and is involved in cell growth. It may also be found at high levels on some types of cancer cells, which causes these cells to grow and divide.
a block in an artery (blood vessel/tube) that can be caused by a blood clot, infected tissue, air bubble or cancer cells
very small(fibre optic) camera on a flexible tube for looking inside body organs
looking inside the body with an endoscope
a person who is chosen by a patient to act and speak for the patient in all medical matters
an injection into the spinal cord (back bone) to numb the area from waist down
to cut out or remove by cutting
waste product from the bowel through the back passage (bum), also called stools or poo
no food or drink for a certain amount of time. The fasting time will be different for every patient and/or procedure/treatment
to have a fever; high body temperature above 38º Celsius
a fever together with a major reduction/loss of white blood cells
plastic surgery to cut healthy skin and tissue (leaving it a little bit connected to the body for blood supply) and move to where a cancer was cut out
special tools that help you move around such as crutches
the science of studying and treating stomach and intestines
looking and checking the stomach through a small, flexible camera called an endoscope
a drug to put you to sleep so you can't feel anything during surgery
cells that make eggs in females and sperm in males. Germ cell cancers can happen in the female ovaries or male testicles
local family doctors, found in the community, who treat people of all ages with different health problems. GPs can also coordinate and help patients see and share information with other specialist doctors and hospitals
area between the abdomen (belly) and thighs (top of upper legs)
study and treatment of the female genital/sex and reproductive body parts
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